Ad-Hoc Networks Routing Protocols

 

Ad-Hoc Networks Routing Protocols

Routing is the primary element of an ad-hoc network. It takes routing software in each network node to manage the transfer of IP packets. The simplest solution is obviously to have a direct routing, as illustrated in Figure, in which each network station can directly reach another station, without going through an intermediary. The simplest case corresponds to a small cell, with a diameter less than 100 m, as in an 802.11 network in ad-hoc mode.

The proposed protocols for the normalization of the group are summarized in MANET Table. Different metrics can be used to calculate the best Road:

• The distance vectors give a weight to each link and add the weights to determine the best route, which corresponds to the least significant.

• The source routing to determine the best route as one that allows the supervision package to arrive first to the recipient.

• The states of links indicate the links that are interesting to take and those who are less so.

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Metric	Reactive	Proactive
Vector distance	AODV (Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector)	DSDV (Destination Sequence Distance Vector)
Source routing	DSR (Dynamic Source Routing)
Link Status		OLSR (Optimized LinkState Routing Protocol)

In conclusion, if MANET group studies are almost finished regarding routing, almost everything remains to be done to the quality of service, safety and power consumption.

The following briefly describes the two main routing protocols in ad hoc networks MANET standardized by the group.

OLSR (Optimized LinkState Routing)

OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) is certainly the most used ad-hoc routing protocols. It is proactive type.

To avoid carrying too much supervision packets, OLSR relies on the concept of multi-point relays, or MPR (Multi-point Relay). The CPMs are important nodes that have the distinction of being the best crossing points to reach all the nodes in a flooding process without spreading in all directions. The link state being sent by the MPR, it reduces all supervisory posts.

AODV (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector)

AODV (Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector) was the first standardized protocol by MANET group just before OLSR. It is reactive type. This protocol can handle both uni-cast and multicast routing.